Why Garlic is Dangerous to Dogs

In the human world, garlic is known as a beneficial cure all and a gourmet delight that adds flavor to foods. Indeed, you may have heard of garlic lowering cholesterol, adjusting high blood pressure and removing parasites. The bitter taste of Allium Sativum is also used in many culinary dishes world wide. However, when it comes to the canine world, garlic may be downright harmful. Not many dog owners know that garlic should be among the list of foods dogs not be fed. 

While dogs may not feel compelled to eat a bitter clove of garlic, there are many foods that may contain traces of garlic and the dog may find them appreciable. Examples may be foods prepared with garlic such as baby foods or foods containing, garlic powders. Even some dog treats may contain garlic as a food enhancer to make them more enticing to eat. It is best to keep dogs away from foods and treats possibly containing traces of garlic.

The main reason why garlic is dangerous to dogs is the fact that it contains disulfides, which is toxic to dogs. According to Drs. Foster & Smith, disulfides are found in both onions and garlic, either fresh or those dried for use as spices. While cats are known to be more sensitive to such products than dogs, dog owners should still keep an eye on their dog's garlic and onion consumption. 

Garlic and onions have demonstrated the capability of breaking down red blood cells, ultimately causing a form of anemia in dogs and cats known as Heinz anemia or hemolytic anemia. Generally, to cause clinical signs, dogs will have to have a history of a single event of  heavy garlic consumption, or  a long term chronic exposure, according to the ASPCA.

Clinical signs suggesting hemolytic anemia may show up as early as an hour after heavy consumption, or several days later, according to Veterinary News 2005 Toxicology Brief.. Typically, the affected dog will suffer from vomiting, diarrhea, anemia, discolored urine and weakness. A strong smell of garlic or onions may be present in the dog's breath.

It appears that there is yet no certainty as to what dose of garlic would cause trouble in dogs, for this reason it is best for owners to use a conservative approach. Very likely, the occasional treat containing small traces of garlic would not likely cause problems, but it is best to err on the side of caution. While some time ago, garlic was given to dogs in belief that it kept fleas and parasites away, today, such preventive practices are no longer recommended.